Prednisolone is also known as prednisolone, hydroprednisolone, and dehydrohydrocortisone. Prednisolone is an adrenocortical hormone drug with anti-inflammatory and anti allergic effects. It can inhibit the proliferation of connective tissue, reduce the permeability of capillary walls and cell membranes, reduce inflammatory exudation, and inhibit the formation and release of histamine and other toxic substances. When used in combination with a large amount of antibacterial drugs in severe toxic infections, it can have good cooling, detoxification, anti-inflammatory, anti-shock, and promote symptom relief effects. Its water sodium retention and potassium excretion effect is smaller than that of cortisone, its anti-inflammatory and anti allergic effects are stronger, and its side effects are less, so it is commonly used. Prednisone acetate exhibits pharmacological effects by reducing 11-keto groups to 11-hydroxyl groups in the liver, with a biological t1/2 of 60 minutes. Clinically, it can be used for various acute severe bacterial infections, severe allergic diseases, collagenous (lupus erythematosus, nodular periarteritis, etc.), rheumatism, nephrotic syndrome, severe bronchial asthma, thrombocytopenic purpura, granulocytopenia, acute lymphoid leukemia, various adrenal cortical insufficiency, exfoliative dermatitis, pemphigus, neurodermatitis, eczema, etc. Prednisolone is a synthetic 16 α- Important intermediates of steroid drugs such as hydroxyprednisolone and triamcinolone acetonide are widely used in the field of steroid drugs.
[Indications] [3]
Prednisolone is a medium acting glucocorticoid with a plasma half-life of more than 3 hours and is hygroscopic. It is very slightly soluble in water and soluble in methanol and ethanol. Prednisolone is a commonly used anti-tumor hormone, with the same indications as prednisolone. Its efficacy is slightly higher than the latter, and it is more suitable for patients with liver diseases and liver metastases from cancer. Prednisolone can also be used to treat urinary disorders after radical surgery for cervical cancer, and has significant effects on lower urethral nerve conduction abnormalities, bladder muscle weakness, inflammation, and edema that cause this condition.
[Specification] [3]
Tablets: 5mg. Powder injection: 25mg per bottle; 100mg; 250mg; Suspension agent: 125mg (5ml) per tube; Suspension injection: 10mg/2ml
[Usage and dosage] [3]
1. Oral administration: 5-10mg once, 60-100mg daily.
2. Subcutaneous injection: Shake vigorously before use, with a general dose of 10-25mg (0.4-1ml) each time. The injection can be repeated every 10 days.
Pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action
Prednisolone is an adrenocortical hormone drug. It has various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti allergic, and immune suppression. (1) Anti inflammatory effect: Glucocorticoids reduce and prevent tissue responses to inflammation, thereby reducing the manifestation of inflammation. (2) Immunosuppressive effect: prevents or suppresses cell-mediated immune responses, delayed allergic reactions, and reduces the expansion of primary immune responses. (3) Anti toxic and anti shock effects: Glucocorticoids can counteract the stimulating response of bacterial endotoxins to the body, reduce cell damage, and play a protective role in the body.
Pharmacokinetics
Prednisolone is easily absorbed from the digestive tract and exists in an active form, without the need for liver transformation to exert its biological effects. About 1-2 hours of blood after oral administration