1、 Industrial uses of ammonium chloride
1. In mineral processing, it can be used as an inhibitor for arsenic minerals. In order to solve the problem of arsenic exceeding the standard in lead and zinc concentrates, ammonium chloride was added to the coarse and fine operations of lead and zinc respectively, which can reduce the arsenic content in lead and zinc concentrates.
2. A flux used for preparing tin and zinc plated metals. It cleans the surface of the workpiece by reacting with metal oxides on the surface to form volatile metal chlorides, thereby acting as a flux.
3. Remove rust. Ammonium chloride hydrolysis shows acidity and is used as a welding flux for welding steel, which can eliminate rust at the welding site. The main function of welding flux is to remove the metal oxides generated on the metal surface at the welding site, ensuring the welding is firm.
4. Used as an electrolyte for carbon zinc dry batteries. The daily use of dry batteries is a type of zinc manganese battery, also known as carbon zinc battery. Its structure is: the negative electrode is a cylinder made of zinc, which is made into a cylindrical shape to store electrolytes and other chemicals. The positive electrode is a carbon rod surrounded by a mixture of manganese dioxide, carbon powder, and ammonium chloride water, collectively known as a "carbon package". A paste composed of ammonium chloride, zinc chloride aqueous solution, and starch is filled between the carbon package and the zinc cylinder, which is called an electric paste. The main component in the batter is ammonium chloride, which is equivalent to a dilute sulfuric acid solution in a photovoltaic battery. The function of zinc chloride in the paste is to increase the concentration of zinc ions in the solution, alleviate the corrosion of ammonium chloride on the zinc cylinder, and extend the service life of the battery.
5. Widely used in the electroplating industry. Especially in cyanide free electroplating, ammonium chloride is more commonly used. For example, cyanide free zinc plating uses zinc chloride and ammonium chloride as the main components of the plating solution. The coordination ions [ZnCl4] 2- (or ZnCl3-) formed by zinc chloride and chloride ions in the plating solution have similar properties to [Zn (CN) 4-2-, and can continuously dissociate a small amount of Zn2+ions to deposit on the cathode plating piece, making the coating uniform and dense.
6. Used in metal smelting for the leaching of non-ferrous metals such as vanadium and nickel, as well as the extraction of platinum group rare and precious metals.
7. Used for the cultivation of yeast and as a processing aid in food. Nutrients and dough improvers for yeast; With the younger generation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension in foreign countries, more and more food manufacturers are using ammonium chloride instead of sodium chloride as a flavoring agent; Used as a processing aid in bread, biscuits, etc.
8. Used as a feed additive in animal husbandry, it can have anti-inflammatory, expectorant, diuretic, disinfecting, and detoxifying effects, making it an ideal feed additive for preventing avian influenza.
9. Used as an expectorant in cough medicine; Used as a systemic acidifier for the treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis, an oral acid load test for the diagnosis of distal renal tubular acidosis, and to maintain acidic pH in urine during the treatment of certain urinary tract diseases.
10. Ammonium chloride is used as an analytical reagent, such as preparing an ammonia ammonium chloride buffer solution. Used as a supporting electrolyte in electrochemical analysis. Used as an arc stabilizer for emission spectroscopy analysis, an interference inhibitor for atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis, and for testing the viscosity of synthetic fibers.
11. Ammonium chloride is used in approximately 5% aqueous solution to treat oil wells with clay swelling problems.
12. Ammonium chloride can adjust the acidity and alkalinity of glaze. In alkaline conditions, glaze is prone to precipitation, and ammonium chloride solution