Amoxicillin
Other names: Almodan, Amolin, Bristamox, Amoxa, Amoxicilline, Amoxicillinum, Amoxicllin, Amoxil, Amoxipen, Amoxycillin, BRL-2333, Bristamox, Capsules, Clamoxil, Clamoxyl, Daxipen, Flemoxin, Larocin, Natamox, Oxetacillin

Amoxicillin is one of the most commonly used semi-synthetic penicillin broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics. It is a white powder with a half-life of about 61.3 minutes. Stable under acidic conditions, gastrointestinal absorption rate of 90%. Amoxicillin has a strong bactericidal effect and a strong ability to penetrate cell membranes. It is one of the widely used oral semi-synthetic penicillins. Its preparations include capsules, tablets, granules, dispersible tablets, etc. Now it is often combined with clavulanic acid to make dispersible tablets.

Amoxicillin is indicated for the following infections caused by susceptible bacteria (non-beta-lactamase-producing strains):
(1) Otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and other upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus hemolyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus or Haemophilus influenzae;
(2) Urogenital tract infection caused by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis or Enterococcus faecalis;
(3) skin and soft tissue infections caused by hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus or Escherichia coli;
(4) Lower respiratory tract infections such as acute bronchitis and pneumonia caused by Streptococcus hemolyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus or Haemophilus influenzae;
(5) acute simple gonorrhea;
(6) It can be used to treat typhoid fever, other Salmonella infections, typhoid carriers and leptospirosis; amoxicillin can also be combined with clarithromycin and lansoprazole to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the stomach and duodenum, and reduce the Peptic ulcer recurrence rate.

Adverse reactions
The incidence of adverse reactions in clinical use of amoxicillin is about 5 to 6%, and about 2% of the patients discontinued due to reactions. The main adverse reactions are:
1. Allergic reaction symptoms: drug fever, urticaria, rash and asthma may occur, especially in patients with infectious mononucleosis, and anaphylactic shock is rare.
2. Digestive system symptoms: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms are more common, and gastrointestinal reactions such as pseudomembranous colitis are occasionally seen.
3. Blood system symptoms: occasionally increased eosinophilia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, etc.
4. Mucosal reactions: occasionally maculopapular rash, exudative erythema multiforme, Lyell syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis.
5. Liver and kidney dysfunction: a small number of patients occasionally experienced mild elevation of serum aminotransferase and acute interstitial nephritis after taking the drug.
6. Others: Central nervous system symptoms such as excitement, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness and abnormal behavior. Long-term use of this drug may cause superinfection caused by Candida or drug-resistant bacteria.
7. Convulsions and eosinophilia can be seen when the intravenous injection is large.