Sorbitol is a sugar alcohol that is commonly used as a food additive. It has a sweet taste and is often used as a low-calorie sweetener or sugar substitute. Here are some key points about sorbitol:

1. Sweetener: Sorbitol is about 60% as sweet as sucrose (table sugar). It is used as a sugar substitute in a variety of food and beverage products, including sugar-free candies, chewing gum, baked goods, and dietetic or diabetic foods. Sorbitol provides sweetness without the same calorie content as sugar, making it a popular option for reduced-calorie and sugar-free products.

2. Sugar Alcohol: Sorbitol is classified as a sugar alcohol or polyol. It occurs naturally in some fruits, such as apples, pears, and peaches, but is typically produced commercially from glucose. As a sugar alcohol, sorbitol is slowly and incompletely absorbed by the small intestine, which contributes to its reduced caloric impact.

3. Humectant: Sorbitol has humectant properties, meaning it helps retain moisture. It is frequently used in food manufacturing to maintain the texture, moisture, and freshness of products. It can prevent baked goods from drying out and is often added to candies and confectionery to maintain their softness.

4. Dental Health: Sorbitol is often used in sugar-free chewing gum and oral care products due to its non-cariogenic (non-tooth-decay-causing) properties. It does not promote tooth decay like regular sugar does and is even recommended by dental associations as a sugar substitute in certain products.

5. Digestive Effects: Ingesting large amounts of sorbitol may have a laxative effect, as it is not fully absorbed in the small intestine. This can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea, particularly in individuals who are sensitive to sugar alcohols. It is important to consume sorbitol in moderation to avoid these potential digestive issues.

6. Medicinal Uses: Sorbitol has some medical applications as well. It can be used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations and as a sweetening agent in liquid medications. Additionally, sorbitol has been used as an osmotic diuretic to increase urine production in certain medical conditions.

It's worth noting that while sorbitol is generally regarded as safe for consumption, individuals with specific dietary concerns or digestive sensitivities should exercise caution and consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian.