The increasing drug resistance of certain microorganisms has now become a global concern. Since the introduction of penicillin in 1944, there have been reports of resistance to Staphylococcus aureus, and doctors around the world have encountered a problem - drug resistance.
Since the 1970s, there have been issues with drug-resistant bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. As of now, the most urgent issue is still Gram positive bacteria with multiple drug resistance. This article provides a detailed introduction to the heavyweight drug linezolid, which can inhibit drug resistance.
Indications
Used to treat the following infections caused by specific microbial sensitive strains:
1. Infection caused by vancomycin resistant fecal (fecal) Enterococcus (VRE), including concurrent bacteremia;
2. Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP), if confirmed or suspected to have Gram negative pathogenic bacteria infection, requires the combined use of anti Gram negative bacteria drugs in clinical practice;
3. Complex skin or skin soft tissue infection (SSTI), including diabetes foot infection complicated with myelitis;
4. Non complex skin or skin soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus;
5. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and associated bacteremia are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus.
Usage and dosage
The recommended dosage for treating the following infections caused by Gram positive pathogenic sensitive bacteria is:
For the treatment of complex skin or skin soft tissue infections, community acquired pneumonia and accompanying bacteremia, and hospital acquired pneumonia, adults and adolescents (12 years old and above) should receive 600mg intravenously or orally every 12 hours; Children (born to 11 years old) receive intravenous injection or oral administration of 10mg/kg every 8 hours for 10-14 consecutive days of treatment.
To treat vancomycin resistant fecal (fecal) enterococcal infections and associated bacteremia, adults and adolescents should receive 600mg intravenously or orally every 12 hours; Child patients receive intravenous or oral administration of 10mg/kg every 8 hours for 10-14 consecutive days of treatment.
For the treatment of simple skin or skin soft tissue infections, adults take 400mg orally every 12 hours, and adolescents take 600mg orally every 12 hours. Children under 5 years old should take 10mg/kg orally every 8 hours; 5 to 11 years old, taking 10mg/kg orally every 12 hours. Continuous treatment for 10-14 days.
Adult patients infected with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus are treated with linezolid 600mg every 12 hours.
Mechanism of action
Linazolamide is a synthetic antibiotic, a new type of antibacterial agent called oxazolidinone. Destroy bacterial growth by inhibiting the initial process in protein synthesis. In addition, linezolid can also inhibit the expression of virulence factors in Gram positive pathogens and reduce toxin production.
Unlike other drugs, linezolid does not affect peptidyltransferase activity. The unique site and mode of action of linezolid make it difficult for positive bacteria with essential or acquired resistance characteristics to develop cross resistance with other antibacterial drugs that inhibit protein synthesis, and it is also difficult to induce bacterial resistance in vitro.
Clinical trials
The FDA in the United States has not yet