Nicosulfuron is a selective herbicide that belongs to the sulfonylurea chemical class. It is commonly used to control post-emergent perennial and annual grass and broadleaf weeds in various crops. Here are some of the key properties of nicosulfuron:

1. Chemical formula: C15H18N6O6S
2. Molecular weight: 410.40 g/mol
3. Physical state: Nicosulfuron is a white to light yellow crystalline solid.
4. Solubility: It is soluble in water, acetone, methanol, and other polar organic solvents.
5. Mode of action: Nicosulfuron inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS), an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of branched chain amino acids in plants. By interfering with this enzyme, nicosulfuron disrupts the normal growth and development of susceptible weeds.
6. Selectivity: Nicosulfuron is known for its selectivity, meaning it targets grass and broadleaf weeds while being relatively safe for many crops, including corn, sorghum, and sugarcane. However, the selectivity may still vary depending on the specific crop and growth stage.
7. Application: It is available as a formulated product and is applied as a post-emergent herbicide. Nicosulfuron is generally applied as a spray to the foliage of target weeds.
8. Persistence: Nicosulfuron exhibits a moderate persistence in the soil, which means it can remain active for a certain period, depending on environmental conditions and microbial activity.
9. Toxicity: Nicosulfuron is considered to have low toxicity to mammals, birds, and fish when used according to label instructions. However, like any pesticide, it should be handled with care, and protective measures should be to minimize the risk of exposure.
10. Environmental impact: Nicosulfuron has a low potential for leaching into groundwater, but it can be mobile in surface water. It is important to follow proper application practices and adhere to label instructions to minimize any potential impact on non-target plants and aquatic organisms.