Nicarbazin, also known as Nicarbazin in English, is a light yellow crystalline powder at room temperature and pressure, insoluble in water, ethanol, chloroform, and ether. Nicarbazine is a complex of dinitro diphenylurea and hydroxydimethylpyrimidine, which is effective and safe against the second-generation schizoites of coccidia. It is mainly used to prevent coccidiosis in chickens and turkeys.
pharmacological action 
Nicarbazine mainly inhibits the growth and reproduction of second-generation asexual schizoites, and its peak period of action is on the 4th day after infection, which is ineffective for other stages of the coccidian life cycle. It has good preventive effects on chicken cecal coccidia (Eimeria tenella) and pile type, giant, toxic, and Brucella (Eimeria brucei). [1]
Usage and dosage
Mixed feed, per 1000kg of feed/125g. The two components of nicarbazine can be absorbed by the digestive tract of poultry and are widely distributed in tissues and body fluids.
Medication Instructions
During the prophylactic use of nicarbazine, if a large number of chickens come into contact with infectious oocysts and cause an outbreak of coccidiosis, they should quickly switch to more effective drugs (such as toltiazuril, sulfonamide, etc.) for treatment. Due to the ability of nicarbazine to reduce egg production rate, fertilization rate, and egg quality, as well as lighten the color of brown eggshells, it is prohibited for laying hens. Due to the potential growth inhibitory effect of nicarbazine on chicks, it is advisable not to use it for chicks under 5 weeks of age. During the scorching heat, if the ventilation and cooling equipment in the chicken coop are not complete and the room temperature exceeds 40 ℃, the use of nicarbazine can increase the mortality rate of chicks. On December 4, 2020, the Singapore Food Authority (SFA) issued a notice revising the maximum residue limit for nicarbazine in eggs. The Singapore Food Authority assessed the risks of low concentrations of nicarbazine in eggs and determined a maximum residue limit of 300 ppb for nicarbazine in eggs based on regulatory standards in major developed countries. [1]
application
Nicarbazine is mainly used to prevent chicken cecal coccidia (Eimeria tenella) and pile type, giant, toxic, and brucella (Eimeria brucei). According to experiments, medication within 48 hours after infection with coccidia can effectively inhibit the development of coccidia. If medication is delayed for more than 72 hours, the effect is significantly reduced. The recommended dosage of nicarbazine has little or no effect on the body's immunity to coccidia. In addition, coccidia that are resistant to amphotericin are still effective when used.