Acarbose belongs to α- Glucomannase inhibitor is used to treat type 2 diabetes. Its role is to slow down the decomposition of food into glucose, which helps to prevent the blood sugar from rising too high after meals.
Indications
Acarbose can be used in combination with other oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin for insulin dependent or non insulin dependent diabetes.
Mechanism of action
The main function of acarbose is not to prevent or reduce the absorption of carbohydrates by the human body, which is also unreasonable for the energy supply of the human body. It can effectively control the stable increase of postprandial blood sugar without peaks by delaying the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, thereby reducing blood sugar fluctuations and having the effect of "eliminating peaks and valleys". Secondly, acarbose has obvious effects on blood lipid metabolism, blood pressure control and gastrointestinal function improvement in diabetes patients.
The Chinese diet is mainly high in carbohydrates such as rice and pasta. Compared to Westerners who have a high proportion of meat in their diet, the problem of high postprandial blood sugar is more prominent. Moreover, for people with abnormal glucose tolerance, acarbose can significantly reduce weight by reducing postprandial blood glucose, triglycerides and other effects, thus reducing the probability of such people turning into diabetes, improving the disorder of blood lipid metabolism, and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.
High security
After oral administration, the bioavailability of acarbose is less than 1%, with minimal absorption and almost no systemic side effects. For patients with mild diabetes whose blood sugar only increases after meals, acarbose can be used as a single drug. When taking acarbose alone, it is not as likely to cause hypoglycemic side effects as other hypoglycemic drugs, and has high safety.
Adverse reactions
Gastrointestinal dysfunction. Due to the breakdown and absorption of sugars in the small intestine, bacteria act on unabsorbed sugars in the colon, leading to gastrointestinal bloating, such as bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. There are reports that this product can cause hepatocellular liver injury. Accompanied by jaundice and elevated transaminase, discontinuation of medication can alleviate it. Allergic reactions and skin reactions are rare.